Last data update: May 06, 2024. (Total: 46732 publications since 2009)
Records 1-2 (of 2 Records) |
Query Trace: Ben-Shimol S[original query] |
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Effectiveness of the seven- and thirteen valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines against vaccine-serotype otitis media
Dagan R , van der Beek BA , Ben-Shimol S , Pilishvili T , Givon-Lavi N . Clin Infect Dis 2021 73 (4) 650-658 BACKGROUND: Despite the demonstrated impact of pneumococcal vaccine (PCV) implementation on otitis media (OM), demonstration of real-life serotype-specific effectiveness of the 7- and 13-valent PCVs (PCV7 and PCV13) is lacking due to the paucity of culture-positive cases. . Furthermore, pre-licensure PCV13 efficacy against OM was not studied. METHODS: The study was conducted from October 2009 to July 2013. Cases were children aged 5-35 months-old with OM (mostly complex OM [recurrent/non-responsive, spontaneously draining, chronic with effusion) from whom middle-ear fluid (MEF) culture was obtained; controls were contemporary children with rotavirus-negative gastroenteritis in a prospective population-based rotavirus surveillance, from the same age group with similar ethnic distribution and geographic location. Vaccine effectiveness (VE, 95% CI) was estimated as one minus odds ratio using unconditional logistic regression, adjusting for time since PCV implementation, age and ethnicity. RESULTS: 223 cases and 1,370 controls were studied. Serotypes 19F and 19A together caused 56.1% of all vaccine-serotype OM. VE of ≥2 PCV doses in children 5-35m was demonstrated as follows: PCV7 against OM due to PCV7 serotypes (VT7-OM), 57.2% (6.0-80.5); PCV13 against VT13-OM, 77.4% (53.3-92.1), PCV13 against OM due to the 6 additional non-VT7 serotypes 67.4%, (17.6-87.1), PCV13 against 19F-OM, 91.3% (1.4-99.2); and PCV13 against serotype 3-OM, 85.2% (23.9-98.4%). PCV7 and PCV13 VE against serotype 19A-OM in children 12-35m was 72.4 (6.2-91.9) and 94.6% (33.9-99.6), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: PCV7 and PCV13 were effective against complex OM caused by the targeted serotypes. |
A Nationwide Outbreak of Invasive Pneumococcal Disease in Israel Caused by Streptococcus Pneumoniae Serotype 2.
Dagan R , Ben-Shimol S , Benisty R , Regev-Yochay G , Lo SW , Bentley SD , Hawkins PA , McGee L , Ron M , Givon-Lavi N , Valinsky L , Rokney A . Clin Infect Dis 2020 73 (11) e3768-e3777 BACKGROUND: Invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 2 (Sp2) is infrequent. Large scale outbreaks have not been reported following pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) implementation. We describe a Sp2 IPD outbreak in Israel, in the 13-valent PCV (PCV13) era, with focus on Sp2 population structure and evolutionary dynamics. METHODS: The data derived from a population-based, nationwide active surveillance of IPD since 2009. 7-valent PCV (PCV7)/PCV13 vaccines were introduced in July 2009 and November 2010, respectively. Sp2 isolates were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility, Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST) and Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS) analysis. RESULTS: Overall, 170 Sp2 IPD cases were identified during 2009-2019; Sp2 increased in 2015 and caused 6% of IPD during 2015-2019, a 7-fold increase compared with 2009-2014.The outbreak was caused by a previously unreported molecular type (ST-13578), initially observed in Israel in 2014. This clone caused 88% of Sp2 during 2015-2019. ST-13578 is a single-locus variant of ST-1504, previously reported globally, including in Israel. WGS analysis confirmed clonality among the ST-13578 population. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms-dense regions support a hypothesis that the ST-13578 outbreak clone evolved from ST-1504 by recombination.All tested strains were penicillin-susceptible (MIC <0.06 μg/mL). The ST-13578 clone was identified almost exclusively (99%) in the Jewish population and was mainly distributed in 3/7 Israeli districts. The outbreak is still ongoing, although declining since 2017.Conclusions: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first widespread Sp2 outbreak since PCV13 introduction worldwide, caused by the emerging ST-13578 clone. |
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